Heart disease causes depend on your specific type of heart disease. There are many different types of heart disease. To understand the causes of heart disease, it helps to understand how the heart works.

Coronary artery disease symptoms may be different for men and women. For instance, men are more likely to have chest pain. Women are more likely to have other signs and symptoms along with chest discomfort, such as conciseness of breath, vomiting and acute weakness.

Chest pain, chest tightness and chest pressure
Shortness of breath
Pain, numbness, weakness or coldness in your legs or arms if the blood vessels in those parts of your body are narrowed
Pain in the neck, jaw, throat, upper abdomen or back

You might not be diagnosed with coronary artery disease until you have a heart attack angina stroke or heart failure It s important to watch for cardiovascular symptoms and discuss concerns with your doctor. Cardiovascular disease can sometimes be found early with regular evaluations

Endocarditic is an infection that affects the inner lining of your heart chambers and heart valves (endocardium). Heart infection signs and symptoms can include
Fever
Shortness of breath
Weakness or fatigue
Swelling in your legs or abdomen
Changes in your heart rhythm
Dry or persistent cough

Heart failure is a condition where the heart is unable to pump the required amount of blood to the rest of the body. Therefore, the heart cannot pump enough oxygen and nutrients to meet the body’s needs. In India, we have multispecialty hospitals and highly experienced doctors and surgeons to perform such complicated surgeries at a very affordable price

Congenital heart defect occurs due to some defect in the structure of the heart present in a child at the time of birth. A majority of children and people with congenital heart defects are likely to suffer from many other health problems. It increased the risk of deadly conditions like stroke and heart attack. To avoid such deadly complication, visit our specialist and get it treated when the first symptoms get visible

Your heart is a pump. It s a muscular organ about the size of your fist, located slightly left of center in your chest. Your heart is divided into the right and the left sides.
The right side of the heart includes the right atrium and ventricle. It collects and pumps blood to the lungs through the pulmonary arteries.
The lungs give the blood a new supply of oxygen. The lungs also breathe out carbon dioxide, a waste product.
Oxygen-rich blood then enters the left side of the heart, including the left atrium and ventricle.
The left side of the heart pumps blood through the largest artery in the body (aorta) to supply tissues throughout the body with oxygen and nutrients.

A buildup of fatty plaques in your arteries (atherosclerosis) is the most common cause of coronary artery disease. Unhealthy lifestyle habits, such as a poor diet, lack of exercise, being overweight and smoking, can lead to atherosclerosis

Common causes of arrhythmias or conditions that can lead to arrhythmias include
Coronary artery disease
Diabetes
Drug abuse
Excessive use of alcohol or caffeine
Heart defects you re born with (congenital heart defects)
High blood pressure
Smoking
Some over-the-counter medications, prescription medications, dietary supplements and herbal remedies
Stress
Valvular heart disease
In a healthy person with a normal, healthy heart, it s unlikely for a deadly arrhythmia to develop without some outside trigger, such as an electrical shock or the use of illegal drugs. However, in a heart that s diseased or deformed, the heart s electrical signals may not properly start or travel.

Risk factors for developing heart disease include:
Age. Growing older increases your risk of damaged and narrowed arteries and a weakened or thickened heart muscle.
Sex. Men are generally at greater risk of heart disease. The risk for women increases after menopause.
Family history. A family history of heart disease increases your risk of coronary artery disease, especially if a parent developed it at an early age (before age 55 for a male relative, such as your brother or father, and 65 for a female relative, such as your mother or sister).
Smoking. Nicotine tightens your blood vessels, and carbon monoxide can damage their inner lining, making them more susceptible to atherosclerosis. Heart attacks are more common in smokers than in nonsmokers.
Poor diet. A diet that s high in fat, salt, sugar and cholesterol can contribute to the development of heart disease.
High blood pressure. Uncontrolled high blood pressure can result in hardening and thickening of your arteries, narrowing the vessels through which blood flows.
High blood cholesterol levels. High levels of cholesterol in your blood can increase the risk of plaque formation and atherosclerosis.
Diabetes. Diabetes increases your risk of heart disease. Both conditions share similar risk factors, such as obesity and high blood pressure.
Obesity. Excess weight typically worsens other heart disease risk factors.
Physical inactivity. Lack of exercise also is associated with many forms of heart disease and some of its other risk factors as well.
Stress. Unrelieved stress may damage your arteries and worsen other risk factors for heart disease.

Complications of heart disease include:
Heart failure. One of the most common complications of heart disease, heart failure occurs when your heart can t pump enough blood to meet your body s needs. Heart failure can result from many forms of heart disease, including heart defects, cardiovascular disease, valvular heart disease, heart infections or cardiomyopathy.
Heart attack. A blood clot blocking the blood flow through a blood vessel that feeds the heart causes a heart attack, possibly damaging or destroying a part of the heart muscle. Atherosclerosis can cause a heart attack.
Stroke. The risk factors that lead to cardiovascular disease can also lead to an ischemic stroke, which happens when the arteries to your brain are narrowed or blocked so that too little blood reaches your brain. A stroke is a medical emergency brain tissue begins to die within just a few minutes of a stroke.
Aneurysm. A serious complication that can occur anywhere in your body, an aneurysm is a bulge in the wall of your artery. If an aneurysm bursts, you may face life-threatening internal bleeding.
Peripheral artery disease. When you develop peripheral artery disease, your extremities usually your legs don t receive enough blood flow. This causes symptoms, most notably leg pain when walking. Atherosclerosis also can lead to peripheral artery disease.
Sudden cardiac arrest. Sudden cardiac arrest is the sudden, unexpected loss of heart function, breathing and consciousness, often caused by an arrhythmia. Sudden cardiac arrest is a medical emergency. If not treated immediately, it results in sudden cardiac death.

Certain types of heart disease, such as heart defect, can t be prevented. However, the same lifestyle changes that can get better your heart disease can help you prevent it, including:
Don t smoke.
Control other health conditions, such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol & diabetes.
Exercise at least 20 minutes per day.
Low salt diet.
Maintain a healthy weight.
Reduce & control stress.

Screening for heart function is a must, especially if you have non-modifiable risk factors that increase your susceptibility to heart disease. People who already have high cholesterol, triglycerides BP need to be extra careful and frequent with screening of heart function.
Blood test: Blood is the pool of several markers like blood sugar, fibrinogen level, C-reactive protein and lipids, pointing at your possibility of developing heart disease.
2. X-Ray: Chest X-Ray is an easy, useful imaging test for diagnosing a lot of heart conditions like congestive heart failure, enlargement of the heart and heart infections.
3. ECG: ECG or electrocardiogram is a useful test to assess heart rhythm and related heart conditions. It measures electrical activity of the heart.
There are many more heart function tests. Here s detailed information about them.

Alcohol Septal Ablation.
Aneurysm Clipping.
Atherectomy.
Atrial Fibrillation Ablation.
Atrial Septostomy.
Balloon Valvuloplasty.
Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) Surgery.
Cardiac Catheterization.

Lifestyle changes are diet medication form a major part of treatment of heart disease. But heart disease can be treated with medicines and surgical interventions depending on your condition.

Due to improved healthcare and technology, heart disease can be well treated with heart surgeries. Here are some commonly used surgical treatments.
Angioplasty: It is the most common surgery performed to open up blocked arteries in patients with coronary heart disease with the help of a small device called stent.
Bypass surgery: In this surgery, a healthy blood vessel is used to form a bypass or another route for the heart to pump blood to the other body parts to make up for a blockage in a coronary (heart artery). This new blood vessel is called a graft and the proper name for the procedure is ‘coronary artery bypass graft surgery

Patients suffering a strong heart attack or arrhythmia need pacemaker implantation. A small device is implanted underneath the patient s skin. It helps to send short electrical impulses to help regulate the heartbeat. When the heart stops functioning properly, a pacemaker surgery is needed

Cardiac pacemakers are required in order to help the heart to beat regularly and send the blood which is rich in oxygen and nutrients to the rest of the body. Cardiac pacemakers are used for a number of reasons. These include:
A very slow heart rate along with fatigue, weakness, and dizziness
Drops in the heart rate
Injury to the heart muscle that may occur after a heart attack
Heart s ability to control the heart rate